Mental health professionals, until recently, have largely neglected studying the impact of war on civilians. The leadership in work on the psychological impact of war on civilians has come from Israel, and this volume builds upon and extends this research. The authors of chapters in this volume have examined and developed interventions both locally and far from the universities, in areas of Africa, the Balkans, Siberia, the Middle East, and Southeast AsiThe volume adds to the developing literature on the impact of war and extreme stress on civilian populations by opening up the boundaries of questions of culture, gender, and context. The book is organized into four parts. The first part presents a series of case studies and addresses key issues in assessment of war-related stress reactions. The second part focuses on intervention and reconstruction, presenting innovative models for healing the wounds of war of both individuals and communities. The third part on prevention encompasses regional as well as global peacemaking efforts. The final part comprises a series of chapters that take integrative viewpoints on these issues, ending with an analysis of war itself, one of many psychological approaches that have provided insights into the dynamics of armed conflict.