Addresses methods of assessment in a medical environment and considers targets of assessment and integration of the information. Goals can be directed toward prevention, treatment, or the promotion of coping. The focus of assessment is described as ideally based on assets and strengths of the patient and his/her environment, as well as the identification of problems. A 2-way process occurs with the referring service, and where a medical cause of psychiatric illness is suspected, further tests are discussed with the referring team. The psychiatrist takes into account presenting symptoms in the context of an understanding of the physical illness and is careful to note medications being taken in order to avoid drug interactions. The psychologist can offer a range of psychometric methods which are relevant both to psychiatric populations and medico-surgical ones, and guidelines on their usage are provided. Common assessment approaches are covered and interventions (e.g., pharmaceutical, psychological) are dealt with in detail. Finally, the importance of the biopsychosocial model for integrative care is highlighted, as are unaddressed patient needs as suggested by the estimated prevalence of psychological disorder in medical populations, compared to low reported referral rates.