Measurement-specific quality-of-life satisfaction during the menopause in an Arabian Gulf country
Author: Bener A, Rizk DE, Shaheen H, Micallef R, Osman N, Dunn EV.
Source:
Climacteric. 2000 Mar;3(1):43-9
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to use an instrument, the menopause-specific
quality-of-life satisfaction questionnaire for the postmenopausal period, in the
United Arab Emirates (UAE). DESIGN: A cross-sectional descriptive study was used
to generate menopause symptoms experienced by Arabian Gulf women.
Measurement-specific quality-of-life satisfaction questionnaires were used and
face-to-face interviews were performed. SETTING: The study was based in primary
health-care clinics in Al Ain City, Sharjah and Dubai Emirates, UAE. SUBJECTS: A
multistage sampling design was used, and a representative sample of 450 UAE
females aged 45 years and above were included during January-April 1999. RESULTS:
Of the 450 women living in both urban and rural areas, 390 women agreed to
participate (86.7%) and responded to the study. The mean age and standard
deviation (SD) of the subjects was 56.5 +/- 6.6 years, and the median age of
natural menopause in the present study was 48 years (mean +/- SD 48.4 +/- 3.8).
The rate of consanguinous marriages in the sample was found to be 47.2%. The most
common disease was found to be diabetes mellitus (10.3%), followed by
osteoarthritis (7.7%), hypertension (7.2%) and asthma (6.2%), but the majority of
subjects (68.7%) had no specific disease. Out of 29 possible symptoms, the mean
number of symptoms was 7.57 (range 0-24). The most frequent symptom was 'aches in
the back of the neck or head' at 46.4% followed by 'aches in the muscles/joints'
at 34.6%. The least reported symptom was 'facial hair' at 15.9%. Increasing
education resulted in more symptoms reported, and increasing parity resulted in
fewer symptoms reported. In the present study, it was found that employed women
experienced more symptoms and disorders. Of the total sample, 28.5% of the
subjects reported no symptoms. In the four domains, 69% reported physical
symptoms, 58.7% reported psychosocial symptoms, 40% reported vasomotor symptoms
and 37.9% reported sexual symptoms. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient
indicated that there is highly statistically significant concordance between the
four domains (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The present study showed that
menopause-related symptoms in UAE women are fewer and of less severity than in
Western women. The postmenopausal women, despite a continued decline in estrogen
levels, reported few symptoms as part of a normal life stage, suggesting that
they were able to cope with stress.