Discusses the epidemiology, nosology, clinical features, and clinical course of acute postpartum psychoses. The short-term prognosis, the results of cross-cultural studies, etiological (biological, familial, and psychopathological) factors, and treatment regimens are examined. Recent research confirms certain specific symptoms of acute postpartum psychoses. However, at clinical, developmental, and genetic levels, the studies do not justify the nosological autonomy of these disorders.