Begins by providing a brief historical background of modern Egypt, to make possible adequate understanding of how the Egyptian academic world was introduced to psychology as part of a whole sociocultural movement of enlightenment. This is followed by a description of the groupings of Egyptian psychologists during the early 1950s as they developed a professional role as clinicians. The chapter proceeds to a discussion of the lasting lack of recognition of clinical psychology in the Arab countries other than Egypt. After reviewing the training of clinical psychologists at Cairo University, the chapter examines the interface between clinical psychology and medicine in order to shed light on areas where useful rapprochement between the 2 disciplines has been accomplished. Lastly, the chapter reports on a sample of publications and theses in clinical psychology.