The impact of culture, violent environment, gender, and age on dream content was studied among 205 7-12 yr old children in 3 groups: 80 Palestinians living in a violent environment, and 45 Palestinian and 80 Finnish children living in peaceful areas. The method used was a 7-day dream diary in which the participants recorded the dreams they recalled every morning. Results showed that living in a violent environment affected dream content more than did culture and personal factors. The results confirmed the hypothesis that a violent and dangerous environment was associated with mundane, intensive, and vivid dreams incorporating persecution and aggression themes. As an indication of individualistic vs collective dream characteristics, results showed that the dreams of the Palestinian children from Gaza incorporated more "external scenes" of anxiety, whereas the Finnish children's dreams had more "inner anxiety scenes."