States that the management of substance abuse (alcohol and illicit drug use, and nonmedical use of psychopharmaceutical agents) is a new and unique experience in Saudi ArabiThe establishment of large drug addiction hospitals, implementation of religious beliefs in dealing with drug addicts (e.g., criminalization of alcohol and drug use), and the strict measures applied to psychotropic prescriptions are some of the unique features in the Saudi model. This research paper intends to shed some light on the serious efforts developed by the government to curb this epidemic. Subjects related to the etiology, prevention, and treatment approaches of substance abuse are discussed. Outpatient and long term residential treatment modalities, as well as possible treatment regimens and techniques, are explained.