Discusses sexual dysfunctions from a cross-cultural perspective. Available data on the manifestations of sexual problems in different cultures are presented. The impact of cultural beliefs on sexual functioning is noted. Treatment methods in different countries are described, and the applicability of Western sex therapy techniques in foreign cultures is considered. Various culture-bound syndromes (e.g., koro syndrome) are briefly discussed. A strongly held set of beliefs within the culture causes the vulnerable individual to develop concerns about sexual performance, thereby leading to anxiety which may then act as a mediator for the genesis and perpetuation of problems. The role of women, and the social expectations that are related to such roles, may also contribute to sexual dysfunction.